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Note 2003: These extracts were taken from a handwritten document sent to the late Grace Land, granddaughter of George Dodd Grove, in 1980 by the late Margaret O'Connor, granddaughter of Sir George Grove. The extracts by an unknown person are incomplete, but nevertheless very interesting. Further research is intended. The Court Rolls are now held in the Records Office in Aylesbury, Bucks. Explanation of early legal terms used: Inter Alia (Latin) - Amongst other things. Tenant - The early meaning of tenant was "one who holds or possesses lands or tenements by any kind of title" Tenenit or Teneuit - Word not yet recognised. Variation of tenure? Tenement - The holding of lands and all other freehold interests Moiety - A half or part of the manor Crofte - A piece of enclosed ground, used for tillage or pasture: in most parts a small piece of arable land attached to a house Messuage - A dwelling house with its outbuildings and adjacent land Capital Messuage - That occupied by the owner of a property containing several messuages Herr (Herriot from early Eng Law) - A feudal service, originally consisting of weapons, horses, or other military equipments, restored to the lord on the death of his tenant; afterwards the render of the best live beast or dead chattel of a deceased tenant due by legal custom to the lord of whom he held. Now an incident of manorial tenures only. Relieffe - A payment, varying in value and kind according to rank and tenure, made to the overlord by the heir of a feudal tenant on taking up possession of the vacant estate Suite of Court (Feudal law) - Attendance by the tenant at the Court of his Lord Ward (Feudal law) - The control and use of lands of a deceased tenant by knight-service Fealty - The obligation of fidelity on the part of a feudal tenant to his Lord. The recognition of this obligation by taking an oath upon a book. Extracts from an Exact Abridgement of the Court Rolls of the Manor of Penn in the County of Bucks: Mannerui de Penn (Coues?) Bucks Curia die Mercurie St Hillary 13 Henry VI th (Page 1) Inter Alia Wm att Grove Acknowledged to hold freely one tenenit called Groves Place and the Moiety of Brodfield, Longfield, Westcrofte, Holden, the Hale – And also one Crofte, the Pightle, and 1 garden called Saunderswicks and a tenement called Hulmes and another croft called Rydering, with a piece of a grove called Ryderinge Grove, another piece of Holdness Grove. Rent (?) ijs yds (latin) William att Grove Acknowledged to hold freely one teneuit called Hale with the Moiety of Brodfield, the Moiety of Longfield, the Moiety of Westcrofte, the Moiety of Holden Medcrofte, the Hale outcrofte called Butts, the Moiety of Holden Grove. Rent ijs yd Ward Marriage Relieffe & suit of Court (Page 2) At a Court of Gawine Penn there held the 19th day of October in the first year of King Edward the IVth Inter Alia Thomas att grove Sonne and heire of Wm att grove acknowledged to hold freely one Capital messuage in Penn called Groves Place. One tenement with a spring called Holmes, the Broadfield, Longfield, Westcrofte, Holden, the Hale, the Pightle, one garden called Saunderswicks, one crofte called Ridings and Ridings Grove by the rent of 1 1/3 yds suite of Court & Wards & Marriage and also Relieffe & Herr: when they happen and did fealty. (Page 3) The Court of John Penn Sonne and Heire of Gawyne held on Thursday after the feast of Penticost in the 7th year of King Edward the 4th Inter Alia Thomas att Grove Sonne & Heire of Wm att Grove acknowledged to hold one Capital Messuage called Groves Place, one tenement with a Grove called Holmes, Broadfield, longfield, Westcrofte, Holden, the Hale, the Pightle, Saunderswykes, the Ryderings and Ryderings Grove Rent 11 yds. Suite of Court Ward & Marriage and also Relieffe & Herr: when did happened. He did fealty and was admitted. (Page 5) The court of John Penn held on the 6th day of March in the 17th year of King Edward the 4th Inter Alia Willm Grove Sonne and Heire of Thomas Grove acknowledged to hold one capital Messuage called Groves Place. One tenement with a springe called Holmes, broadfield, longfield, Westcrofte, Holden, the Hale, the Pightle, Saunderswyke, the Ryderings & Ryderings Grove. Rent i11 (?) Suit o Court Ward Marriage Rel: & Herr: The Court of John Penn held on Thursday after the feast of St Valentine the Martyr in the 20th year of King Edward the 4th Inter Alia Thomas Grove Acknowledged to hold freely one Garden with a lane (?) extending towards Gawdewater, one Crofte called Stokefield and another crofte called (word not deciphered) one little croft called Miller end. Rent iij. Did fealty and was admitted (Page 6) The court Baron of John Penn Esq. held the thirtieth day of October in the 13th year of Queen Elizabeth John Grove Sen. The jury present that he held freely by charter one capital messuage called Groves Place, one tenement with a grove called Holmes, one field called The broadfield, one field called the Longefield, one crofte called Westcrofte, one crofte called Holden, one crofte called the Hale, one croft called the Pightle, one garden called Saunders Wyke, one croft and grove called the Ryddings & Ryddings Grove. Rent (latin symbols?) and that he had by deeds of Feoffment granted the premises to divers persons and their heirs who afterwards granted the same to John grove for life the ren res? To Henry Grove his 2nd sonne and his heirs. By virtue whereof John Grove was seized as aforesaid who since died whereupon happened to the Lord for an Herriott his best good vezt (?) a black horse price (latin symbols?) which was paid. (Page 7 & 8) The Court Baron of John Penn Esq held the one and twentieth day of April in the 27th year of Queen Elizabeth Inter alia Edmund Grove Presented to dye (today?) since last Court seized of one Messuage and one little Mead called enn his mead neare the churchyard of Penn held by copy rent and one capon whereupon happeneth an Herriott by composition vij (latin numbers followed by a symbol. Seven shillings?) and that Matthew grove his sonne and heire who did fealty & gave ij? For a fine and is admitted. George Grove Sonne and heire of Henry grove acknowledged to hold freely one Capital Messuage called Groves Place with the appurtanences, one tenement with a grove called Holmes, one field called Broadfield, one field called Longfield, one croft called Westcroft, 3 crofts called Holden, the Hale, the Pightle, one garden called Saunders Wyke, one croft and one grove called Rydings & Rydings Grove iij rent (latin symbol) suit reliefe & fealty on the Lords claimeth it so be by Knight service herriott & the like. (Page 9) Henry Grove Presented to dye (today?) since last Court seized of a Capital Messuage called Groves Place, 1 tenement with a grove called Holmes and 3 closes of land called Broadfield, Longfield, Westcroft, Houlden, the Hale, the Pightle, one garden called Saunders Wyke, Rydings & Rydings Grove rent (latin symbol) Reliefe (latin symbol) & that George Grove is his Sonne and Heire who paid reliefe (latin symbol) and did fealty. George Grove paid his best beast for an Herriott for lands held by Knights service and other services due on the death of his father recovered by the Lord by law who prayed the Lord to release the Herriott service which was referred to another time. (Page 14) The Court Baron of Wm Penn Esq held the 16th day of December in the 36th year of King Charles the 2nd Inter Alia George Grove Presented to dye since last Court seized of one Messuage, one garden & orchards & 40 acres of land, 6 acres of pasture & 20 acre of Woods by Fealty suite (latin symbol) rent and that George Grove is his Sonne and Heire whereupon happened a Reliefe (latin symbol) 1435 William att Grove Groves Place 1461 Thomas att Grove son of William Grove 1478 William Grove son of Thomas Grove 1481 Thomas Grove son of William Grove 1571 John Grove Sen (ior?) Groves Place 1585 Edmund Grove (Matthew is his son & heir) George Grove son of Henry Henry Grove son of George George Grove son of Henry 1696 George Grove son of George Edmund 1669-1708 Edmund (and Sarah) died 15 April 1761 Edmund Grove 1729-1823 Edmund Grove 1770-1819 |